Tangibilize Your Copy To Increase Response

Tangibility, touching, feelingI remember 10 years ago.

In the wake of rumored proposals to regulate the web, in 1999 the CRTC, comparable to America’s FCC, officially declared that the Internet is not a broadcast medium.

Now, that ruling was significant for many reasons.

Technically, the Internet is a medium. But the government based its decision on the fact that the web is interactive with its audience — unlike other unidirectional, one-way broadcast media such as the TV or radio. As a result, regulators concluded the Internet could therefore police itself.

(The “Net Neutrality” debate of late is a perfect example that it is different.)

Nevertheless, my point here is not a political one but a marketing-related one.

Unlike traditional media, the Internet is both user-driven and transactional. Active and interactive. Dynamic and conversational. Particularly in this age of Web 2.0. You can say that, in many ways, the Internet is more of a process than it is a medium.

And that this is reflected not only in its benefits but also its unique challenges. For one, its biggest limitation is the lack of tangibility. People cannot physically inspect the products they are buying like they can in a retail environment, for example.

Sure, you can easily develop rapport when meeting clients face-to-face, answer their questions on the spot, and allow your products to undergo their close scrutiny.

But on the web, those abilities are nonexistent.

That’s why copy has a greater job online than offline. Greater than most people think. Other than communicating the emotions that empower people to buy, and directing them to take some kind of action, copy must also develop a level of trust with customers.

You might say, “Sure, you must build trust.” But it’s a lot tougher in an intangible world!

The question is, should the responsibility rest solely on the words you choose? Not necessarily. Granted, with the growing popularity of video and new technology that allow more interactivity with sales copy, the Internet is becoming far more effective.

I talked about these in depth in my white paper, “The Death of The Salesletter.” Plus, some of them require quite a bit of technical savvy. So I won’t go over these here.

For now, let’s take a look at some of the easiest and most efficient ways to tangibilize and dimensionalize your sales copy using some very simple elements.

First off, we are predominantly visual. Our brains are wired in such a way that they translate what they’re being told into their visual equivalent. And they do so unconsciously.

Whether it’s books, cookware, vitamins, jewelry or even software, let pictures do some of the selling for you. As the old saying goes, “A picture is worth a thousand words.” Stated differently, texts tell but pictures sell. Give them a visual idea of what they get.

For example, add a scan of your book’s cover and table of contents (like Amazon.com does), thumbnail pictures of your necklace line, a photograph of your vitamin bottles, or a 3-D graphic box shot of your software package (even if it’s digital and downloadable).

In short, give something people can visually appreciate.

Sure, videos would be the most effective way to accomplish this. But don’t forget low-tech ways, too. You can simply take your product out, put it on a table (preferably with a white tablecloth or background), and take a snap with your digital camera.

Do just like you would do if you were to sell your product on eBay or any other auction site, for example. (In fact, listings with pictures are proven to get more bids.)

However, a caveat: don’t overdo it!

Don’t go loading your site with graphics.

Remember, copy is more important. There must be a balanced mix of text and pictures. Also, pictures provide “eye gravity” and draw the eyes into the copy to get people to start reading it in the first place. But copy is more important. So use graphics judiciously.

Use thumbnails (i.e., smaller-sized pictures that can be enlarged when clicked). That way, your graphics will remain small and compressed for quicker downloads.

Plus, whether it’s physical or digital, have your packaging and covers professionally designed. The design is just as crucial in the trust-building process, because like it or not, people do judge books by their covers. Otherwise, you look smarmy or scammy.

I don’t say this lightly, either. If your cover art doesn’t communicate professionalism, value, credibility, and trust, it will be counterproductive and work against you.

Some people frown on the use of ecover art, especially with digital downloads. But tests show that they do improve response. My take is that people say this because most covers are poorly designed, and often accompanied by really poor copy.

(Here’s a great parody of most online salesletters these days that proves my point.)

What if you sell a service? Graphics still help. Take a picture of you in action delivering your service, possibly with a client. Or take one that represents the benefits or results of your service, such as before-and-after shots. Or include photos of happy clients.

But whether you sell a product or a service, logos are just as powerful.

Adding a logo that represents your company, website, product, or service, and especially its main benefit not only gives it an element of tangibility, but also communicates credibility, professionalism, trustworthiness, quality, and higher perceived value.

The lack of a logo on the other hand, or even worse the presence of a poorly designed one, makes you look “cartoonish,” as my friend Armand Morin would often say. A poorly designed, cartoonish logo would cause people not to take you seriously.

Here’s a tip: I often use Design Outpost for my ecovers, website designs, graphics and logos. You post your requirements, and designers will create mockups in an effort to bid for your business. You only pay for the work you select.

Also, graphs and charts also help to make the service more appealing because they can help to emphasize the benefits that your service offers. Add a graphic that communicates something important that’s relevant to your market and to the sale.

(Just look at some of the comparison charts and competitive analyses software developers use in their copy, often in tabular format, where you can see the superior features and benefits of the software, at a glance, or what’s included versus what’s not in others.)

Also, try to “samplify” your offer or your copy.

If your product or service can be sampled in some way, then great. But if they cannot be sampled somehow or if you prefer to avoid offering samples or trials, then provide an illustration or a visual representation that people can sink their teeth into.

Speaking of samples, screenshots are just as effective.

Screenshots can also be used in tours, demos, and above all, case studies, and testimonials. In addition to adding an element of proof to your copy, screenshots also can be used to provide examples, descriptions and illustrations to a point you’re making.

(I use SnagIt almost religiously and wherever I can in my copy.)

However, if your product can indeed be sampled somehow, choose the live version instead. Samples, free or limited trials, and live demos or tours help consumers to get a taste of what you’re selling before they make their decisions to actually buy.

Samples sell, not only because most of the time they’re free, but also because they help to reassure the client and communicate the value of what is being considered.

Virtually all products and services can, in some way, shape, or form, be sampled. Because of their nature, websites offer a plethora of possibilities. For instance:

  • A software can be turned into a time-limited shareware download.
  • A free online media kit can be presented to a potential advertiser.
  • A free online consultation can show a consultant’s expertise.
  • An initial assessment or needs analysis can reduce buyer skepticism.
  • A publisher can offer a few free chapters from their books.
  • A real estate agent can offer free online property assessments.
  • An exercise equipment seller can offer a free ebook on exercise tips, perhaps how to exercise more effectively, particularly using the equipment they’re selling.
  • A cookware seller can offer free recipes using the cookware.
  • Ad nauseum.

But what if you have nothing to offer for free? If so, offer a more economical alternative. A cheaper, scaled down version of what you offer is like a paid sample. A loss leader.

Sure, it’s a downsell. But offering a cheaper alternative can entice customers, whether immediately or over time, into buying the central or more expensive product or service.

But these “paid samples,” so to speak, do a lot more than that. They also help penetrate new markets, prequalify customers, and build on your customers’ lifetime value.

But let’s say you can’t add pictures, offer samples, or sell cheaper alternatives. What else can you do? In that case, another element you can certainly use — one you should use in any event — is adding an “FAQ” (i.e., a frequently asked questions section).

FAQs are powerful. A section offering stock answers to common questions also help to tangibilize the user’s experience, handle potential objections, and alleviate doubt about the product or service. (Just like a live sales representative would, for example.)

Sure, you could answer questions strategically in your copy, and should do so throughout — particularly in sections where specific objections are bound to crop up.

By adding this extra section and lumping answers together, they are not only easier to spot — whether they appear on the sales page or on a separate page altogether — but also clustered for greater impact. They can alleviate many questions in one fell swoop.

Plus, an FAQ offers another benefit many don’t realize. It may answer questions customers can have later on, after the sale and not necessarily at the time of purchase.

Your answers can more than reduce reduce customer support requests. They can also reduce post-purchase doubts and buyer’s remorse (also known as “cognitive dissonance”), which often needlessly lead to complaints, returns, and refunds.

You can certainly link to a separate FAQ page for offering further details. But I like to keep my clients riveted to the sales copy. That’s why I usually embed the FAQ section within the copy, or put them at the end of the page, likely in its own “P.S.”

(It’s also important to note that, other than the sales copy, if you have an optin page and lead generation process, having an FAQ within your follow-up autoresponder sequence is also a great sales strategy. It should be included in your autoresponder cycle.)

If you don’t have a list of common questions already, ask yourself:

  • “What are the most common questions people have about me, my product, my service, my business, my company, or my website? What answers do I offer repetitively?”
  • “What are the most common misconceptions about them?”
  • “What are they mostly confused about and have some difficulty understanding, even though I address them in my copy? What has the potential of being confusing?”
  • “What are some of the most common objections people have or may have about my product or service? What can keep them from buying my product or service?”
  • And, “What kinds of objections would I get (and how would I answer them) if I sold my product or service in the offline world? Face to face? Or in a store somewhere?”

Of course, it goes without saying that your copy should offer the usual suspects: testimonials with full names; strong guarantees; good, clear copy; easy-to-find contact information; a real, physical address, and clear, straightforward instructions.

But the more tangible the buying experience is, and the more senses you engage, the more people will buy. Anything you can do to make the sales experience more comfortable, easy, and secure will definitely impact your response rate in positive ways.

In the final analysis, people hate parting with their hard-earned money. And the buying process in this digital world can be a hurdle for most customers — let alone vendors.

But by giving something customers can see, appreciate, and “chew on,” you can lower that hurdle considerably. And of course, increase sales tremendously as a result.

Other Related Posts

Tangibilize Your Copy To Increase Response originally appeared on The Michel Fortin Blog. Please visit to subscribe to it, or Tweet This.


Technorati Tags: , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

How to Negotiate Better Copywriting Fees

handshakeAfter reading some of my articles on how to find copywriting clients, one of my students, Jeff, asked me an interesting question.

He’s an aspiring copywriter and wants to build his own freelance copywriting business. When he read that I wrote copy for free when I started my career as a copywriter, he told me he was thinking about doing the same.

However, he wondered if he should ask for something, anything, in return. In fact, here was his question…

“Mike, my friends have a very small business, and they have asked me to do copy for them. They say they can’t really pay me that much. I have told them I will do it for free as long as I get rights to the copy and can use it for a reference and in my portfolio. I think this is a wonderful opportunity to get more experience, but my wife wants to see some money on the table.

“I value your opinion. Can you help?”

Here was my answer.

Asking for a concession in exchange for offering one is always the way to do it. While I believe your trade-off is good in principle, it’s still meager. I would consider some money — or some larger concession on the part of the client. Here’s why…

Writing salescopy completely for free is never good. I know from personal experience. What you should be looking for is a return on your “investment” (because writing copy for free is indeed an investment on your part), for two reasons:

  • To stop potential nibbling, grinding away your time and resources. If getting such a valuable service for free was that easy, they are left wondering, “What else can get for free?” It’s illogical, but they feel cheated if they don’t get more.
  • And to add value to your services (because doing something supposedly of high value for free paints a low perceived value and makes you, or the services you provide and especially the final product you create, look cheap).

In essence, there’s a disproportionate balance between the value of your service and the value of the concession you’re making, which will inevitably harm you.

So the goal is, you want to take the focus away from a trade-off based on free copy to one based on a concession: apples to apples, or value for value, in other words.

Otherwise, it can lead to a few problems once the service is rendered — problems that will be more difficult to resolve if not impossible than they are to prevent.

For one, the person could ask you for more, and more, and then more, slowly nibbling away at your time, your money, and your resources. They feel they can get more since it was so easy. Again, it seems paradoxical. But that’s how your clients will react.

(It’s manipulation. While some will do this conspicuously, others will do this indirectly, nudgingly, and subtly, often even without your knowledge — especially if they’re friends of yours, since your willingness to help will also make it easier for them to do so.)

I know this from personal experience.

Early in my career, I’ve written copy for free for clients who, after delivering it, kept asking for small tweaks, here and there, all the time. I never got paid for the extra work.

The worst part was, this happened more often with clients whose copy I wrote for free, or copy offered at a substantial discount after they haggled with me on price.

Even in those cases, when there was a signed contract, they still found ways around it, and continued to ask me for more concessions after the copy was delivered.

Trust me. I’ve been in these situations too many times.

One of my favorite speakers is Larry Winget, author of “Shut Up, Stop Whining, and Get a Life!” and “You’re Broke Because You Want to Be.” On his program, “Success is Your Own Fault,” Larry quotes the Sanborn Maxim, which goes:

“The customers who are willing to pay you the least will always demand the most.”

(Re-read it. That statement is profound. It certainly was for me.)

Nevertheless, the problem is that there is a “concession mismatch.” Stated differently, the perceived value of each concession is not equal to each other.

It’s not because the copy is free but because it is free and what you’re asking for in return is meager when compared to the larger concession you’re making — the concession being a finished, completely written piece of sales copy.

Look at it this way: offering copy for free is like a marketing investment. (That’s how I looked at it.) But if you offer copy for, say, $2,000, would you therefore spend $2,000 on a single ad to market your services just to get that one client? Of course not.

Psychologically, by writing copy for free you are not adding enough value to your concession. More importantly, you are literally taking value away from your product.

Think about it. By making your end-product the concession itself, then the perception will be that the end-product will be of low value, too. Why? Because the concession they are making, in exchange, is meaningless in comparison. You get what you pay for, right?

Sure, building your portfolio is important to you. But giving you the ability to add their copy to your portfolio is worth how much to your client? How big of a concession is that to them? What are they really giving up in return? In many cases, not much.

Since you are not asking the client to make a significant concession in exchange for your concession, then you’re not only devaluing what you offer but also yourself.

To be clear, asking for tradeoffs is good and you’re doing well in asking for one. It adds value to any concession you’re making by always asking for something in return.

Never make a concession, even if it’s as simple as a discount, without asking for one in exchange. Call it a “counter-concession.” This is nothing new. Most of the top negotiating experts out there, like Roger Dawson and Herb Cohen for instance, teach this.

This is an important concept to grasp, even if they’re friends of yours: the perceived value of the service depreciates immediately after the service is rendered.

Why is this important? For one, if the copy doesn’t do as well as expected, who cares if you did it for free? (Your client certainly won’t.) But it goes further than that.

If all you had were rights to the copy and it did perform well, and if anything should happen between you two, would you ever consider stopping your friend from using your copy? Even to the point of sending them a cease and desist, or taking legal action?

Friendships notwithstanding, would you be willing to work twice as hard trying to satisfy an insatiable client when you could be working on other, better, paying clients?

It’s something to think about.

Asking for a larger concession before work starts helps to stop the potential grinding-away process after the copy is delivered. If they try, then each time they ask for a concession you in turn ask for one. Always ask for a counter-concession. Always.

Plus, by asking for a substantial concession in the beginning, you also increase the perception that each counter-concession you will ask with each one they request from you will be just as large, which will force them to think twice before nibbling for more.

If they are demanding (and cheap clients usually are), ask yourself:

“Am I prepared to do two to three times the work, deal with a high-maintenance client, and divert my attention away from other, paying clients (let alone away from marketing my services in order to find better clients), for a mere addition to my résumé?”

On the other hand, making a balanced concession — giving a discount instead of doing it for free, for example — will increase your perceived worth. And a good way to do this is to raise your fees. Raising your prices is not just about increasing perceived value.

By raising your fees and giving a more substantial concession will allow you to ask for a larger concession from them in return. So ask for something upfront, even if it’s little.

Say: “I understand this may be out of your budget range. In exchange for a special consideration (a discount), may I suggest (whatever concession you want them to make).”

Even better, let them make their counter-concession for you. They might surprise you, as it might be a lot more than you anticipated. Say something like: “In exchange, what can you do for me?” Then let them tell you what they’re prepared to offer you in return.

(Incidentally, doing it this way also gives you a pretty good idea of what they think of you, and how much value they place in your services and your copy.)

Ultimately, your copy no longer becomes the object of the tradeoff. Your consideration — e.g., a discount or whatever concession you’re making — is. Apples to apples.

Also, don’t limit yourself to a discount. You can offer a bonus (such as an extra revision, free of charge), an extra consultation, an extended guarantee, an add-on service (such as writing the opt-in page copy, formatting, or even testing the copy), and so on.

That’s why the key is to breakdown and denominate each component of your service — from research to revisions. In other words, give each component a price tag. Sure, give a flat rate. But break the project down into individual parts, with individual values.

Not only will each element have a price tag, which can be used in the negotiation, but also it will help to justify your higher fees. It will seem less “pulled out of thin air.”

When a prospect sees the value behind every individual component, they also get a better appreciation of what you do, how you price your work, and how much they are truly getting if you were to concede on any one of those elements.

For example, if a client asks for a discount, you can say: “As you can see Mrs. Prospect, your project includes one post-delivery revision, which is worth $1,000, absolutely free of charge. Here’s what I can do. I can throw in an extra one. Fair enough?”

In the end, you add weight to your tradeoff, and your copy thus retains its value.

On the flip side, your client’s concession doesn’t have to be just a mere addition to your portfolio, which is minimal at best. (In fact, adding your copy to your portfolio should be automatically included in your agreement with any copy you write, anyway.)

Remember, you want to match their concession with yours. Better said, you want to match the perceived value of both your concessions. Perceived value is key.

So here’s another option. Ask for royalties or commissions. You can offer your friends a significant concession in exchange for a percentage of gross sales your copy produces, for as long as they use your copy if not for a predetermined period of time.

If royalties are not an option (particularly if you’re new, or if you don’t know the client or their business well enough), you can ask for other things. For example, you can barter — in fact, bartering is often the most overlooked negotiation strategy.

Or have them write a testimonial about you, get them to give you quality referrals, or ask them to send a broadcast to their lists promoting you. The trick is to get this in writing, and to ensure they deliver their end of the deal within a specific period of time.

Remember, the perceived value of your service — including the perceived value of the concession you’re making — depreciates immediately after the service has been rendered. The longer they wait to comply, the less meaningful your concession becomes.

That’s why this is preferably specified in a written agreement before work begins.

If they they fail comply within a specified period of time, then you can charge them your full fee — or for the amount of the concession, if they already paid you (have an agreement in place before work starts, so you will have legal recourse to do so).

In fact, having a written agreement prior to commencing any work is essential. Get it in writing, even if it’s a simple letter of understanding or intent. When it’s written down, it’s more than just for legal reasons. It’s also a psychological commitment.

Finally, remember that it’s better to negotiate on a concession (whether it’s a discount or not) than it is on the entire copy itself — such as by offering it for free.

If they want apples, stick with apples. Not oranges. And certainly not the orchard.

Other Related Posts

How to Negotiate Better Copywriting Fees originally appeared on The Michel Fortin Blog. Please visit to subscribe to it, or Tweet This.


Technorati Tags: , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

Blame The Copywriter, Not The Copy

Let's deal!Lately, I’m seeing a lot of posts in public forums and blogs these days about people getting sick and tired of seeing “crappy,” “hypey,” used-car, Ginsu-like, looooong copy.

Some of them come from guru-bashing naysayers who hate marketing, which I always take with a grain of salt.

But some are intelligent, mature, and commonsensical. They are interesting because I believe that, while negative feedback does have its place, it’s often misplaced.

Here’s why. They blame long copy when all too often it’s not the copy’s fault. More importantly, it’s not because of the length. Let’s get something clear off the bat: long, Ginsu-like copy does work. It has always worked. It will always work. And it’s here to stay.

But (and it’s a big “but”)…

People object to them not because of what they say but how they say it. Take a look at the web. Noticed how it’s being used right now by many wannabe copywriters or naive marketers? Tons. They are the culprits — not the process.

(Actually, their lack of sales and writing skills is the culprit.)

There’s an interesting point to make in all this.

Some people are muddying the facts with secondary objections that are misleading — although some of these objections are appropriate, as some salesletters are indeed too long, boring and hypey. But they are confused with the real issue, here.

There’s a difference between short copy and brief copy. Between long copy and long-winded copy. Between pithy copy that may still be long and short copy that’s curt, leaves the reader hanging, and doesn’t tell enough to make the sale.

Back to The Point…

In its defense, some have used the excuse that the sale is the ultimate result. Nothing else matters. And that those objecting to “crappy” copy are not prospects, and make the error that the copy is not meant for them and therefore they have no right to object.

Yes and no.

We can all say that “conversion is queen,” and that “someone who objects is usually not targeted for the offer.” In some cases, that may very well be true. But in many cases, I beg to differ. And I’ll tell you why in a moment…

But I also believe that, most of the time, the obvious, “hypey,” used-car approach used in copy has really nothing to do with the hype itself but everything to do with the fact that the owner (or the copywriter) doesn’t know how to sell. Period.

Why do brazen, used-car salesmen have such a stigma, when some have shattered sales records selling and even reselling cars over and over to the same people? Like Joe Girard, for example, the Guinness Record holder for selling the most cars?

You see, it’s not the approach. It’s the people.

Specifically, it’s the lack of sales and persuasion skills.

Hype may have a negative connotation. But when used properly and blended with interesting, riveting copy, as well as powerful stories (I call this “storyselling”) and targeted to the right people, is often disregarded or ignored.

In fact, when hyperbole is used properly, most readers will look at hype as “passion,” “caring,” “empathy,” “personality,” “conversational,” etc. Not “hype.”

When people object to crappy copy, they’re not objecting to the fact they are using long, hypey, direct marketing. Even though it may seem that way. They are objecting to the poor salesmanship on the part of the writer or marketer.

Specifically, on their poor use of long, hypey copy — and not the pitch itself.

You see, use this approach properly, and people will downplay the hype. But use it improperly, and you will lead people, including prospects, to see right through it and conclude that it is indeed just a bunch of hype. And therefore, a load of crap.

(And by extension, they’ll also believe that the product and the business behind it are just as crappy. Naturally. I call this a “UPA,” or an unconscious paralleled assumption.)

It’s Psychology, Pure And Simple.

For example, some people point out copy that say things like, “to be honest, Ms. Prospect…” “frankly, I’m puzzled,” or, “I’m going to be flat-out truthful with you, Mrs. Prospect, and tell you something [that’s going to blow your socks off],” blah, blah, blah.

And they equate this tactic to be the sign of poor copy.

As you know, I used to be a sales trainer in a former career. Sales training says you should never to say, “to be honest,” “to be frank,” or “to be truthful with you.” Because, unconsciously, prospects will think you must be dishonest if you need to say it.

They think, “Gee, was he dishonest until now?”

Like in sales training, they tell you that instead it’s best to say, “to be candid with you,” “to be open with you,” “to be forthright with you,” or “to be more to the point with you.”

They’ve been teaching this in Sales 101 for ages! :)

But that’s semantics. In my opinion, I believe you certainly can say “honest” and so on, as long as you are not perceived as trying to “pull a fast one.”

If you are and, more importantly, if you appear genuine, empathetic, and passionate, then it becomes part of a normal, natural conversation — not a blatant, hypey sales pitch, where anything you say makes you look incredulous or suspect.

Anyway, it’s just one very small example of poor sales skills. Which translates into poor copy. Which inevitably leads to these kinds of objections.

Now, to The Other Points.

Personally, I do think much of the copy on the web these days downright suck. I’m not talking about the typical bland, professional, corporatespeak that makes you yawn. I’m referring to some people’s dismal attempt at long, hard-hitting, “grab-their-money” copy.

Often, it’s understandable. It’s an attempt by the marketer or copywriter to “copy” the Ginsu-like style of hard-hitting copy for their own offers.

Whether they’re swiping or mimicking them, if they don’t understand the principles of good salesmanship, they often do it all wrong. In the end, it’s those kinds of salesletters that make all long, hard-hitting sales copy look bad.

For example, they pack their copy with adjectives, superlatives, adverbs, and carnival-barking, snakeoil verbiage that makes you cringe in horror with every passing sentence.

You know the kind, right?

“Get my super-fast, heart-pumping, stunningly lightning-fast, jack-hammer-powered, amazingly sweet, orgasmic, googley-eye-inducing, whiz-bang widget right NOOOOOOWWWW!!!”

Some people say it insults their intelligence.

It’s not the fact that it insults prospects’ intelligences. It’s the fact that, if we feel it does, it means the writer didn’t do his job, didn’t know the product well enough, and laced their copy with superlatives because they don’t know how to write or how to sell.

I once interviewed my friend Gary Halbert, one of the best copywriters in the world before he passed away. And he said it best. To paraphrase, he said something like this:

“Copy that tries to make a freakin’ explosion is going to turn people off and makes the pitch so unbelievable simply because the writer doesn’t know what the heck he/she is doing. Period.”

Then I interviewed John Carlton, who said something similar. It all comes down to passion, persuasion, influence, psychology, and the power of storytelling — otherwise, it ends up with superlative-laden, used-car vernacular that makes you want to puke.

Bottom Line, It Comes Down to This…

  • Know your product.
  • Know your audience.
  • Know how to sell (i.e., how to connect the first two).

The web has made it possible for the proliferation of wannabes, or marketers who don’t know their product enough (from their prospects’ perspective, that is) who attempt to write copy that mimics cheesy late-night informercials.

Let me repeat it: the Ginsu approach does work when it is used properly.

(And in many, many, many cases, it is not.)

In that interview mentioned earlier, John Carlton talked about passion and salesmanship in copywriting. People who use this kind of adjective-laden copy are simply not skilled in selling, and haven’t truly woken their “inner salesperson” to sell really well.

Usually, there’s no hook, no empathy, no eye-grabbing copy, no real benefits, no reasons why, and above all, no story. So, since the writer didn’t do their job, they often resort to adjectives and adverbs simply because they have nothing else to work with.

I could go on and on, but I am getting sick and tired of poor copy — particularly poor copy giving good copy (and good copywriters) a bad name. I see this all the time, with my copy critiques as well as some of the offers I come across on the web.

It’s not poor copy.

It’s Poor Selling.

Now, someone also said that, while we can bitch and complain about crappy copy, it really boils down to understanding two different marketing approaches — i.e., a marketer’s choice of approach to fit short-term or long-term goals.

That is, they can choose between the get-your-money, go-for-the-jugular, aggressive direct marketing kind, and the relationship-driven, good-customer-service, warm-fuzzy, branding kind. (And thus, there’s copy that appeals to both, respectively to the hard-hitting hype, versus the soft-selling editorial style.)

My take? It doesn’t have to be a choice, really.

I agree with the spirit of what they said. Since direct marketing is so quick, direct, and measurable, it is an opportunity for people to jump in, hit ‘em hard, and make a quick buck — and for some, run out of town. (The latter is a true snakeoil salesman.)

But, I just want to point out something, perhaps not to differ but to clarify. An my point is that, while it’s true in some cases, it’s not true in all the cases.

Many direct marketing companies who use hard-hitting copy and aggressive sales approaches have also created strong relationships, solid brand equity, great customer service, and powerful name recognition for themselves, too.

But they achieved it as a byproduct, not as a distinct goal.

They simply decided not to spend millions of dollars on ad agencies to build their brands, take huge risks, or work really hard (and wait a long time) using soft-sell techniques to create the much-needed word of mouth.

(Why? Because branding, publicity and relationship-building is risky business, because it’s not accountable, justifiable, or as measurable as direct marketing.)

And “short-term” direct marketers, as they were referred to, who use hard-hitting, seemingly “hypey” copy are not just in it for the quick buck.

Granted, some are. And granted, some companies have indeed taken the low-key approach and succeeded amazingly fast without using any hard-hitting copy.

But they succeeded for many other reasons: they’ve created a highly in-demand product or a new product with a great twist. They’ve used niche marketing, buzz creation, viral marketing, or guerrilla marketing. Or they’ve developed a cult following, etc.

Take Google, For Instance.

They “did” it with almost no advertising or hard-selling.

But just after their record-breaking IPO hit Wall Street, the Chief Exec of Marketing Communications — also said to be the brainchild behind Google’s marketing success — is resigning over differences with the company, who’s now looking into going “Madison-Avenue” style of million-dollar ad-agency advertising.

Now, something important needs to be said…

Building relationships should be the aim of every marketer. But I think there’s a distinction between creating relationships as a byproduct of good customer service versus relationship-only marketing that strives to create a brand name and image.

The latter is often expensive, time-consuming, and risky. Of course, it may indeed work. If the long-term, brand-focused business is lucky enough to make it work, the success shifts into cruise-control, and no longer requires a lot of work, time or money.

(However, that success is not permanent. There are maintenance costs involved. Because they eventually will have to fight off competition, spend more money to keep the brand alive, penetrate new markets to keep revenues leveled, etc.)

As for direct marketers being strictly “short term,” I don’t think so.

Maybe it’s a short-term approach in terms of results or campaign efforts. And maybe it’s true in some cases. But not all direct marketers have the goal of staying short-term… of making a quick sale and bailing out like some snakeoil salesman.

How many direct marketers out there have used hard-selling copy, and created great brands and name recognition, and even used their controls — their old yet ubiquitous, hard-hitting ads — for years and years? Lots. Mucho lots.

Look at DAK, Ronco, Ginsu, TimeLife, as well as salesletters and ads that are old and still running to this day: oldies like the Charles Atlas ad, to fairly newbies like Jeff Paul’s advertorial-style salesletter, “Making $4,000 a day at your kitchen table in your underwear.” (Which is still running, what, for over a decade, now?)

Other Related Posts

Blame The Copywriter, Not The Copy originally appeared on The Michel Fortin Blog. Please visit to subscribe to it, or Tweet This.


Technorati Tags: , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

How to Make Salesletters Interactive

Buy key on a white computer keyboard with clipping pathIn The Death of The Salesletter, I talked about hiding content so it could open up based on a user’s actions and thereby personalizing the salesletter, dynamically, on the fly.

You can hide content on the same sales page, making the page look shorter and less intimidating. And only desired content appears depending on a user’s choices.

What does using this tactic help to do?

In some cases, people break salesletters down into various pages, and add links to them in the letter. I don’t recommend this with long-copy salesletters. Traditionally, I recommend that the extra content opens up in a pop-up window instead, as to not distract.

But with this tactic, and other than the potential for personalization, which is its biggest benefit, it means that people reading a salesletter don’t have to be bothered by…

  1. Opening up annoying pop-ups;
  2. Being distracted such as opening another page, where you run the risk of them never coming back to the salesletter or, worse yet, come back but having lost the momentum they’ve gained by reading to that point;
  3. Or being intimidated by the appearance of a v-e-e-e-r-r-r-r-y long letter when they really don’t need all of it, which may lose readers before they even begin reading.

This process, called “toggling”, is done with a simple bit of javascript code and CSS.

Essentially, you insert the content you wish to hide between two <div></div> tags in the HTML code, and make it hidden using CSS (i.e., “cascading style sheet”).

When people click on a link, the content “unhides” and opens up on the same page. The link doesn’t have to be near the content. It can be anywhere on the same page.

Links are not the only triggers, either.

If the user performs any kind of action, whether it’s clicking a link or an image, scrolling to a specific area of the page, watching a video or audio, or pressing a form button (like a submit, checkbox or radio button, for example), it can still work the same.

Admittedly, I’ve seen some truly creative, out-of-this-world ways of applying this. I call them “smart salesletters.” But this tactic is just a very basic way of doing it.

And it won’t work on javascript-disabled browsers — I’ve seen slick Flash salesletters accomplish this better. But it will work on 98% of browsers out there, if not more.

Keep in mind, more and more browsers have pop-up blockers than they do have their javascript disabled. So this technique is the lesser of two evils.

Bottom line, toggling content as a basic way of interaction is really simple and possibly the easiest way to make readers interact with salesletters.

But granted, not everyone is a techie. I’m certainly not. So to help you, here’s some coding and a bit of a tutorial to help you. (And what follows is just a basic example I copied from some tutorials available online. There are tons of these out there.)

If you have a basic understanding of HTML, this will be relatively easy. First, add a bit of javascript code in the page’s HTML <head> tags (just before the closing </head> tag):

<script language="javascript">
function showHide(element) {
if (document.getElementById) {
// W3C standard
var style2 = document.getElementById(element).style;
style2.display = style2.display ? "" : "block";
}
else if (document.all) {
// old MSIE versions
var style2 = document.all[element].style;
style2.display = style2.display ? "" : "block";
}
else if (document.layers) {
// Netscape 4
var style2 = document.layers[element].style;
style2.display = style2.display ? "" : "block";
}
}
</script>

Then, you add the style inside the page’s head tags or in your CSS stylesheet, if you’re using an external CSS file to manage all your styles, which hides the content:

div#hiddenContent {display: none;}

If you’re adding it directly to the web page, place this in between your <style> tags, inside the <head> tags as well. So the whole thing would look something like this:

<script language="javascript">
function showHide(element) {
if (document.getElementById) {
// W3C standard
var style2 = document.getElementById(element).style;
style2.display = style2.display ? "" : "block";
}
else if (document.all) {
// old MSIE versions
var style2 = document.all[element].style;
style2.display = style2.display ? "" : "block";
}
else if (document.layers) {
// Netscape 4
var style2 = document.layers[element].style;
style2.display = style2.display ? "" : "block";
}
}
</script>
<style>
<!--
div#hiddenContent {display: none;}
-->
</style>

That’s the hardest part.

Next, what you simply do is wrap the content you want to hide around “div” tags, and call it a name. A name is labeled “ID.” In this case, I called it “hiddenContent” so that it matches the style in your stylesheet, above. For example:

<div id="hiddenContent">
Blah, blah, blah.
</div>

Next, you need to determine which link will toggle the content. You can add this to any link on the page, like a question for instance, or to a link that specifically asks for the content, such as “click here to view the testimonials.”

All you do is add a javascript call to the link that tells the page to “unhide” the content placed between the “div” tags earlier. For instance, the link should look like this:

<a href="javascript:showHide('hiddenContent');">
Click here
</a>

And that’s it! You’re done.

Now, what if the content is not directly requested in the link, and the content simply “opens up” when another link, for anything else, is clicked? Simple. All you need to do is add the “onClick” string to the link of your choice.

Let’s say there’s a link to a section of the same page called “whatever.” These care called “bookmarks.” When someone clicks on that link and jumps to that bookmark, the hidden content also opens up. Here’s an example:

<a onclick="javascript:showHide('hiddenContent');" href="#whatever">
Whatever
</a>

You can add this to any link, including graphics, pages, or sections.

Again, this is not limited to links. You can use it with different mouse actions, such as “onSubmit,” “onMouseOver,” “OnScroll,” and others. There’s a javascript call for pretty much every mouse action a reader takes.

Plus, hiding and unhiding content are not the only things you can do — you can make content fly in, change (that is, unhide some content while hiding others), appear on other pages (usually using cookies), and much, much more.

Nevertheless, here’s a great example of it in action.

An opt-in landing page I worked on for Brian Keith Voiles offers a free report. The landing page was already quite wordy, and initially we had a link to the table of contents, which opened up in a separate window.

So rather than push people away, we decided to toggle the content on the same page. Simply scoll down about halfway, below where the testimonials are, and click on the link to the table of contents. When you do, it opens up on the same page.

Neat, huh?

Now, what if you have multiple areas you wish to hide/unhide, individually, on the same page? You don’t want all the hidden pieces of content to unhide simultaneously.

There is a way to do this.

If you are adding more than one area, then each section you wish to hide must have its own “div” with its own unique name (or ID), and its own corresponding link, so that the scripts can do its magic to that specific block of content and not the others.

In the link that will expand or contract the specific content, simply pass each ID individually. That way, by clicking on a specific link, it opens its related content. For example:

<a href="javascript:showHide('hiddenContent_1')">
Click here
</a>
<div id="hiddenContent_1">
Piece of content #1
</div>

And then for the other…

<a href="javascript:showHide('hiddenContent_2')">
Click here
</a>
<div id="hiddenContent_2">
Piece of content #2
</div>

And don’t forget to add the “div” style and its appropriate ID in the stylesheet for each section (you can have as many as you wish). For example:

<style>
<!--
div#hiddenContent_1 {display: none;}
div#hiddenContent_2 {display: none;}
-->
</style>

That’s all there is to it.

But, what if you want all the toggled content to hide or unhide with a single gesture, such as clicking a single link? In other words, you click on one link, and it opens up several if not all the pieces of content simultaneously?

Simply, name your “div” sections as above. Then add this Javascript function in the “head” tags, which loops through all of the “div” tags on the same page, and calls the existing “showHide” function on each one that it finds:

function showHideAll() {
var cCommonDivName = "hiddenContent_";
var arrDivs = document.getElementsByTagName('div');
for(i = 0 ; i < arrDivs.length ; i++) {

if (arrDivs[ i ].id.match(cCommonDivName)) {
showHide(arrDivs[ i ].id);
}
}
}

So your HTML, in the “head” tags, would look something like this:

<script language="javascript">
function showHide(element) {
if (document.getElementById) {
// W3C standard
var style2 = document.getElementById(element).style;
style2.display = style2.display ? "" : "block";
}
else if (document.all) {
// old MSIE versions
var style2 = document.all[element].style;
style2.display = style2.display ? "" : "block";
}
else if (document.layers) {
// Netscape 4
var style2 = document.layers[element].style;
style2.display = style2.display ? "" : "block";
}
}
function showHideAll() {
var cCommonDivName = "hiddenContent_";
var arrDivs = document.getElementsByTagName('div');
for(i = 0 ; i < arrDivs.length ; i++) {

if (arrDivs[ i ].id.match(cCommonDivName)) {
showHide(arrDivs[ i ].id);
}
}
}
</script>
<style>
<!--
div#hiddenContent_1 {display: none;}
div#hiddenContent_2 {display: none;}
div#hiddenContent_3 {display: none;}
-->
</style>
</script>

And you can call the function like so:

<a href="javascript:showHideAll()">
Toggle everything
</a>

And don’t forget, you can also switch them, such as having the content visible and hide it once a user clicks on the link. Simply change the word “block” to “none” in the javascript, and “none” to “block” in the CSS’ “div” style.

Want to see multiple links in action?

My friend Frank Deardruff, the creator of the AskDatabase.com software (a service I highly recommend, too), uses this script for his “frequently asked questions” page.

Frank also uses it for lengthy testimonials on his Webmaster Crash Course letter. Scroll about halfway down to the testimonials section, and go to the last one in the bunch.

It’s from another friend of mine, professional photographer Mary Mazzullo, the lady with the camera in her hands. Click the “read more” link at the end of her testimonial.

(Mary, by the way, is not only the photographer we chose for our wedding, but also the one who took those new pictures of me. One of them is at the top of this website!)

Another great copywriter and friend of mine, Ray Edwards, uses it on a letter he wrote for Jack Canfield. He was able to fit the FAQs into the sales letter but still keep the letter feeling “lighter” on copy. (Just click in the “FAQs” link at the top.)

Aside from toggling testimonials, FAQs, and wordy blocks of content, you can use this technique in various ways. For example, you can do it with videos. If the video starts playing automatically, then the video will only start playing as the video opens up.

You will likely see more and more of this as time goes by. So keep your eyes peeled!

Other Related Posts

How to Make Salesletters Interactive originally appeared on The Michel Fortin Blog. Please visit to subscribe to it, or Tweet This.


Technorati Tags: , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

The Greatest Marketing Secret of All Time

InterviewI wrote this article way back in 1998. It seems to have made a resurgence, especially with today’s economy. So I said to myself, “Why not republish it?” So here it is. Enjoy!

If there is something about which I’m pretty adamant, it’s the idea of attracting qualified prospects who are willing to do business with you. And this involves many different things.

Positioning is one of them. In fact, it has been one of my favorite marketing concepts for this very reason.

However, this fundamental magnetism is not only based on pure marketing practices or strategies. It also involves something at a much deeper level that is far more effective than any other marketing tool or process in existence.

This “thing” to which I am referring is, I believe, the most important marketing secret I can ever teach you — and it’s far from being a secret at all. It is considered as one simply because it is often neglected or ignored by many marketers and businesspeople.

What is this “secret” that’s so elusive?

Before I divulge it to you, I must first admit that it upsets me terribly to see when people tend to scoff their most valuable marketing assets. No, I’m not referring to salespeople or promotional activities. I’m not referring to prospects or clients, either.

I’m referring to love and passion.

The love they have for what they do, what they offer, and who they serve.

(Or the love they should have, anyway.)

Jack Trout and Al Ries, the fathers of positioning, once wrote: “Marketing is not a battle of products, but of perceptions.” Like it or not, marketing really is all about perception.

When I first started out in business, my mentor once told me something similar. He said, “Perceived truth is more powerful than truth itself.” Little did he know how this one statement affected me — and how it literally changed the way I look at business.

My business. My products. And particularly, my clients.

If people perceive doing business with you has an implicit added value, especially when compared to your competitors fiercely fighting for your market’s attention, you will often end up with their confidence, their business, and their loyalty as a result.

Of course, there are numerous ways you can add value to your business. Beyond applying fundamental marketing practices, you can and should find new and unique ways to differentiate yourself, increase your exposure, and promote your business.

But to me, the best marketing doesn’t rely on tactics.

To me, the most effective way to communicate added value is through the genuine, sincere, and passionate zest you have for what you do and the clients you serve.

People have a tendency to gravitate toward other people who love what they do — their enthusiasm, charisma, and authentic desire to serve others are instantly communicated through their actions and particularly their marketing efforts. No matter what they are.

Sadly, however, the marketplace is filled with so many people who jump into business for one sole purpose: Money. Granted, the economy might be to blame. But is it, really?

People work for a pension instead of a passion. Entrepreneurs are so profit-minded that they fail to enjoy the process. Marketers focus on how many sales they can achieve, but then wonder why they have to keep repeating the process to sustain their businesses.

I believe the real secret to success lies much deeper. In fact, the great mythologist, Joseph Campbell, said it best when he said that old cliché decades ago.

“Follow your bliss.”

But that saying is a lot older than you think. In fact, it was in 500 B.C. when Chinese sage Confucius said: “Do what you love and you’ll never have to work a day in your life.”

Since then, author Marsha Sinetar wrote: “Do what you love and the money will follow.” In his book, “Life 101,” Peter McWilliams claimed: “Do what you love and the necessary resources will follow.” I’ve read all those books and I agree with all of them.

However, I believe this concept can also be applied to business. That’s why I say…

“Do what you love and the business will follow.”

That’s the greatest marketing secret of all time. It’s to do what you love or to love what you do. And if you don’t love what you do, then find it. Make that your bliss.

As Jim Rohn once said, “If you don’t like where you are, then change it! You’re not a tree.” (And “where you are” may not always be limited to a physical location, either.)

Doing what one loves is a fundamental marketing process.

For example, when you deal with two people competing for your business, and if one of them has the “fire burning in their belly” (a genuine passion for what that person does), then how much more willing will you be to do business with that person than the other?

How much more believable and credible will that person be compared to the other? And most important, how much more value will that person bring to the table than the other?

Enough said.

People who love what they do generate far more word-of-mouth advertising. In subtle ways, they communicate that they are experts, that they are interested more in your needs than in your money, and that they will go out of their way to please you.

They develop far more enriching, rewarding, and superior customer relationships — let alone fans, referral-sources, and advocates for you, your products, and your business.

Entrepreneurialism has increased in fervor these days, and that’s good. But as a result, the hypercompetitive nature of the marketplace will in turn increase the demand for more uniqueness, more competitive value, and greater customer service.

However, if you do what you love or love what you do, your passion will communicate all of those things combined. It will come naturally and, I daresay, seemingly effortlessly.

Just as people choose to work in jobs they hate, many will choose a business or an endeavor that gives them absolutely no sense of purpose. They do it just for the money.

Workers will attempt to earn a living and do so with retirement in mind. Similarly, many entrepreneurs will start a business with the mere thought of financial independence.

In either case, they are anxiously awaiting those golden years when they will finally be able to start enjoying their lives. (The funny part is, the future is guaranteed to no one. So the key is to enjoy it now, not later. Because later may never come.)

But don’t confuse “enjoyment” with “love.” Doing what you love doesn’t always mean enjoying what you love. It does take work. Often, work you might not enjoy.

However, if your goal is to focus on creating a successful business, then do it at the service of others, not at the expense of others. Do what you love, and the business will follow. Love the people you serve, and the customers will follow. That’s the key.

Needless to say, if you do what you love in a business you enjoy, you will not only make money as a natural byproduct but also enjoy much happiness, satisfaction, joy, inner peace, and of all things, security in the process. And that’s what we really want, isn’t it?

Ultimately, your love will emanate in all that you do. You will naturally attract more business by the sheer fact that your passion is also communicating that you are offering the best solution to their problems. That solution is… you!

Other Related Posts

The Greatest Marketing Secret of All Time originally appeared on The Michel Fortin Blog. Please visit to subscribe to it, or Tweet This.


Technorati Tags: , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,